Johns Hopkins Takes Top Spot in U.S. News’ Best Research Medical Schools Ranking Preview

In the U.S. News’ preview of its 2024 Best Medical Schools (Research), Johns Hopkins University overtook perennial leader, Harvard, for the top rank. The full rankings will be released April 18th.  

In addition to the noteworthy change at the top, significant movement occurred elsewhere within the top-ranked schools when compared to the 2023 rankings. 

• University of Michigan and Northwestern University entered the elite tier of medical schools, climbing to 9th and 12th, respectively, from a tie at 17th last year. 

• Three schools dropped out of the top 15: University of Washington (ranked 8th in 2023), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ranked 11th in 2023), and Vanderbilt University (ranked 13th in 2023). 

• NYU Grossman saw a sharp decline, although it still remained in the top 15, falling from 2nd in 2023 to 13th in 2024. 

• Washington University in St. Louis climbed seven spots from last year, moving from the 11th rank in 2023, to tie for 4th in 2024. 

Rank School

1 Johns Hopkins University, +2 from 2023

2 University of Pennsylvania (Perelman), +4

3 Harvard University, -2

4 University of California—San Francisco (tie), -1

4 Washington University in St. Louis (tie), +7

6 Columbia University, -3

7 Stanford University (tie), +1

7 Yale University (tie), +3

9 Duke University (tie), -3

9 University of Michigan—Ann Arbor (tie), +8

11 University of Pittsburgh, +3

12 Northwestern University (Feinberg), +5

13 New York University (Grossman), -11

14 Cornell University (Weill) (tie), no change

14 Mayo Clinic School of Medicine (Alix) (tie), no change

U.S. News has also made changes to their ranking methodology, which includes the addition of a research quality metric, increased weight given to faculty-student ratios, and a reduced weight for reputation surveys, MCAT, and GPA scores.

Briefly addressing the departure of many medical schools from the rankings—including those at Harvard, Columbia, Stanford, University of Pennsylvania, Cornell, Duke and University of Chicago—U.S. News explained that it ranked all schools using publicly available data from the National Institutes of Health, as well as data submitted through surveys in 2023 (or 2022 if 2023 was not available).  

The Chairman and CEO of U.S. News & World Report Accuses Elite Law and Medical Schools of Evading Accountability

The U.S. News & World Report has publicly defended its rankings, hitting back at the elite law and medical schools that have staged public boycotts. Eric Gertler, Executive Chairman and CEO of U.S. News & World Report, penned a Wall Street Journal op-ed, which was ffollowed a day later by a full-page ad in the Boston Globe timed to coincide with a conference hosted by Harvard and Yale Law Schools on “best practices in data.” 

While US News & World Report’s previous response to the boycott focused on responding to criticisms of the methodology and seeking collaboration, more recently, they have taken a defensive stance. Gertler’s op-ed not only defended the rankings, but also leveled sharp accusations towards the withdrawing schools. He accused them of evading accountability and not wanting to rely on an independent third party that they cannot control. Gertler then went on to tie the schools’ decision to withdraw from the rankings to the Supreme Court’s current review of the use of affirmative action in school admissions decisions. He proposes that elite schools are currently de-emphasizing GPA and standardized test scores in admissions, in advance of the decision, to provide themselves more leeway in the future. 

“There is added urgency as the Supreme Court considers a pair of cases on affirmative action that could change admission norms. Some law deans are already exploring ways to sidestep any restrictive ruling by reducing their emphasis on test scores and grades—criteria used in our rankings,” Gertler wrote.

In defending the rankings, which Gertler admits cannot accommodate every nuance in educational excellence, he points to the ranking’s ability to provide “accurate, comprehensive information that empowers students to compare institutions and identify the factors that matter most to them.” And, he concludes, the elite schools that have withdrawn have ended their participation in a critical national discourse about what constitutes excellence in education. 

Harvard Medical School Withdraws from the U.S. News Medical School Ranking

Harvard Medical School’s Dean, Dr. George Daley, just announced this morning that the school will no longer participate in the U.S. News & World Report “Best Medical Schools” ranking. 

In an open letter to the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Dental Medicine community, Daley noted that his concerns rest not simply on criticisms of the ranking methodology, but more fundamentally on his, “... principled belief that rankings cannot meaningfully reflect the high aspirations for educational excellence, graduate preparedness, and compassionate and equitable patient care that we strive to foster in our medical education programs.” He also described the negative unintended consequences that he sees rankings promoting within academic institutions, which include schools reporting false or misleading data, creating policies intended to boost rankings rather than educational objectives, and emphasizing financial aid for recipients based on scores rather than financial need. Daley noted that while he has contemplated this move for years, the “courageous and bold moves” made by leaders within the law school community—including Harvard Law’s Dean, John Manning—have “compelled” him to act now. 

Daley did acknowledge the need for data and transparency for prospective medical students, and urged them to review the data shared on the HMS admissions website. He also recommended the AAMC MSAR database, which contains meaningful data for all U.S. medical schools.

Related: Former Medical School Deans Call on Medical Schools to Withdraw from the U.S. News Ranking

Trends in Medicine: Shortening the Preclinical Timeline

American medical schools have traditionally followed a similar structure: two years of preclinical work followed by two years of clinical rotations. But there is an emerging trend within medical education, which accelerates preclinical studies in order to allow students more time to gain clinical experiences. According to the Liaison Committee on Medical Education, during the 2019-2020 academic year, six percent of medical schools ended pre-clinicals after one year, 29 percent ended them after 1.5 years, and 56 percent retained the traditional two year structure. 

Kim Lomis, MD, and Vice President for Undergraduate Medical Education Innovations at the American Medical Association, explains that the reasoning for the curriculum update is so that students are better able to contextualize learning within patient care. “Proponents argue that learners are able to better anchor their learning of foundational sciences in a meaningful context, fostering professional identity formation as well as knowledge base,” she said. Early adopters include the elite medical schools at Harvard, Duke, Vanderbilt, and NYU Grossman. Each of these schools now condense preclinical learning into the first year, with students beginning clinical clerkships at the start of their second year. 

Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School recently launched its updated curriculum, which starts the clerkship after 18 months. Carol A. Terregino, MD, and Senior Associate Dean for Education and Academic Affairs at Rutgers, notes that the curriculum change is beneficial because it puts an emphasis on “knowledge for practice.” 

“Anything that is going to increase students’ clinical knowledge and ability to apply that knowledge to clinical practice is going to make students stronger as future physicians,” she said. She also noted the presence of unknowns related to the recent pass-fail update of the USMLE Step One exam, which could potentially increase the importance of the Step Two exam. “To make sure my students are able to do well and prepare for the licensing exam, I want a longer launching pad to get them there,” she said.

Others say that looking just at “preclinical” and “clinical” years oversimplifies medical education. Students at Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, for example, follow the traditional two and two calendar, but are exposed to clinical experiences through observations and interactions during the first two preclinical years. “Distilling a college’s program to the length of time in preclinical or clinical curriculum misses all the nuances of what each college does to prepare its students. We emphasize patient-centered care from the first day of medical school, making our students well-rounded when they engage in their clinical rotations,” said Jody M. Gerome, DO, and Heritage College’s Senior Associate Dean for Medical Education.

Related Blog: U.S. Medical Licensing Examination’s (USMLE) Step One Moves to Pass-Fail Scoring